Pākahiko tū, ā, e ai ki te Duty Cycle Pākahiko
Whakaritea te rahi o tētahi pākahiko tūturu me te charger ki tētahi duty cycle.
Whakamātau mahi 4
Ka whakakī ia mahi i ngā uara tauira. Whakakapia ērā ki ō uara.
- Size a substation battery by duty cycleThe Ah and charger of a 125 V battery for a trip and three hours of load.
- Size a 48 V radio site batteryThe Ah and charger for four hours of radio load and a transmit burst.
- Size a 24 V control panel batteryThe Ah for two hours of PLC load and a valve close at the end.
- Find the charger for a faster rechargeThe charger current to put a 110 V battery back in 8 h, not 12.
Ngā whakauru
He tauira mahi me ngā whakauru taunoa.
- Uara pākahiko whakaaro
- 110 V
- Pūtau i te raupapa
- 55
- Uara iti rawa e whakaaetia ana e ngā utanga
- 96 V
- Ngā wā e whai ana, kotahi i muri i tētahi
- 3 rārangi
- Tauwhāinga reiti
- 1
- Tauwehe pāmahana
- 1
- Mōrahi hoahoa
- 1.1
- Tauutu pakeke
- 1.25
- Utanga i te kaiwhakahaere i te wā e whakakī ana anō
- 10 A
- Wā whakaki anō
- 12 h
- Tauwhāinga whakaki anō
- 1.1
Te kaha e ai ki te Ah
112.1Ah
- Ampere-hāora o te mahi
- 81.5Ah
- Te au o te charger
- 17.5A
- Te voltage mutunga ia pūtau
- 1.75V
- Te au teitei rawa o te mahi
- 70A
- Te kaha i te voltage ingoa
- 12.33kWh
He āwhina hoahoa tēnei hua. Manatokohia ki te paerewa o nāianei.
Ngā hīkoi tātaitanga
- Wā 1: 70 A mō 1 meneti1.17Ah
- Wā 2: 10 A mō 478 meneti79.67Ah
- Wā 3: 40 A mō 1 meneti0.67Ah
- Ampere-hāora o te mahi81.5Ah
- Roa mahi480 meneti
- Tauwehe reiti, mai i te ripanga a te kaihanga×1.00
- Tauwhāinga pāmahana×1.00
- Tāwharau hoahoa×1.10
- Tauutu pakeke×1.25
- Te kaha e ai ki te AhHua112.1Ah
- Te voltage mutunga ia pūtau
96 V ÷ 55 pūtau = 1.745 V
- Te au o te charger17.5A
- Te kaha i te voltage ingoa12.33kWh
Mō tēnei tātaitai
How this is calculated
A stationary battery carries a site's d.c. loads when the charger loses its supply: protection relays, breaker trip and close coils, emergency lights, radios, controls. Those loads change through the outage. The duty cycle lists them in order, as a current for a number of minutes.
The tool adds the ampere-hours of each period: the current times the minutes over sixty. That is the charge the duty takes out of the battery.
A battery gives less than its rated capacity when it discharges faster than its rated hours, or to a higher end voltage. So the tool multiplies the duty by a rate factor you read from the maker's table. It then applies a temperature factor for a cold battery room, a design margin for growth and unknowns, and an ageing factor so the battery still does the duty near the end of its life. The product is the capacity by ampere-hours. When a later period draws more than the one before it, that sum is too small, and the tool warns.
The end voltage per cell is the lowest voltage your loads accept, at the battery terminals, over the number of cells in series. Read the maker's capacity at that end voltage.
The charger must carry the standing load and put back what the duty took, with a margin for charge losses, in the recharge time you set. The tool adds the continuous load to the duty's ampere-hours times the recharge factor over the hours.
AmpSize does not hold IEEE 485 or any cell's capacity factors. With the maker's Kt on every period, the tool works the last section, each change in current times its Kt, and that figure governs. Every factor is an assumption you set, and the result says so.
| Step | Table or clause | What it decides |
|---|---|---|
| Duty | Σ I × t ÷ sixty | The ampere-hours the periods take out |
| Capacity | Duty × rate × temperature × margin × ageing | The battery capacity by ampere-hours |
| Sections | Σ ΔI × Kt × temperature × margin × ageing | The capacity with the maker's Kt, which governs |
| End voltage | Lowest voltage ÷ cells | The end voltage per cell to read the maker's table at |
| Charger | Continuous load + duty × recharge factor ÷ hours | The charger current |
Worked examples
- A 110 V substation battery for a trip, eight hours of standing load and a close needs 112.1 Ah. The duty takes 81.5 Ah, with a charger of 17.5 A to recharge in 12 hours.
- A 125 V battery for a trip and three hours of lights and controls needs 159.2 Ah. The duty takes 91.5 Ah, with a charger of 25.1 A.
- A 48 V radio site with a transmit burst needs 49.7 Ah. The duty takes 36.17 Ah, with a charger of 12 A. The burst draws more than the radio load, so the tool warns that the sum understates the battery.
- A 24 V control panel with a valve close at the end needs 11.7 Ah. The duty takes 8.5 Ah, with a charger of 5.2 A. The valve close draws more than the load before it, so the tool warns that the sum understates the battery.
Limits
Without Kt values, the tool adds ampere-hours. A battery's capacity falls at high rates, so a heavy load of a minute or two can need far more than its ampere-hours show. The rate factor carries that, and only the maker's table gives it.
It does not pick a cell, a chemistry or a float voltage, and it does not check ventilation or the battery room. Follow the maker's data for those.
See also: Battery, Fire alarm battery and DC cable size.
Pātai
He āwhina hoahoa te hua. Manatokohia ki te paerewa o nāianei.
Me pēhea te rahi o tētahi pākahiko mō te Duty Cycle?
Rārangi te mea me kawe e te pākahiko, wā ki te wā: te iahiko me ngā meneti. Tāpirihia ngā ampere-hours. Whakareatia ki te rate factor mai i te ripanga a te kaihanga, he tauwehe pāmahana, he mokowā hoahoa me te tauwehe pakeke. Ina tango tētahi wā i muri mai i te nui atu i te wā i mua, he iti rawa te tapeke: whakamahia te Kt a te kaihanga me te tikanga wāhanga.
He aha te uta poto, taumaha e hiahia ana i tētahi mea atu i ōna ampere-hours?
He iti ake ngā ampere-hours a tētahi pākahiko i te reiti teitei i tōna reiti whakatauhia. Ka hiahia pea te uta haere o te meneti kotahi i te kaha nui atu i tōna wāhi o te duty. Ka whakaaro te rate factor i te ripanga a te kaihanga i tō voltage mutunga.
Ko tēhea end voltage ia cell me whakamahi au?
Wehea te voltage iti rawa e whakaaetia ana e ō uta, i te pākahiko, ki te maha o ngā cell. Pānuihia te kaha a te kaihanga i taua end voltage. Ko te end voltage teitei ake ka iti iho te kaha mai i taua cell ōrite.
He rahi pēhea me whai te charger?
Ka kawe te charger i te uta tū, ā, ka whakahoki i ngā ampere-hours i tangohia, me tētahi iti atu, i te wā whakakī anō. Ka tāpiri te taputapu i te uta tonu ki ngā ampere-hours o te duty me te recharge factor mā ngā hāora.
Ka whai te taputapu i te IEEE 485?
Kāore a AmpSize e pupuri ana i te IEEE 485, i ngā uara Kt o ngā cell. Whakauru i te Kt a te kaihanga mō ia wā, ā, ka mahi te taputapu i te wāhanga whakamutunga o te tikanga. Ki te kore, ka tāpiri ia i ngā ampere-hours, ka whakamahi i ōu tauwehe, ā, ka whakatūpato ina tango ai tētahi wā i muri mai i te nui atu.
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